Geology Structure

Folded rock formations, a geological study of the subject structure

Geological structure is a study of three-dimensional distribution of rock body and its surface is flat or folded, and its internal structure.

Geologic structure that includes surface shape are also discussed in the study of geomorphology, and geology engineering metamorfisme. By studying the three-dimensional structure of rocks and regions, we can make conclusions about the tectonic history, geological environment in the past and the occurrence of deformation. This can be integrated in time using stratigraphical controls and Geochronology, to determine the time of forming the structure.

More formally stated as a branch of geology that relate to the geological process whereby a force has caused the transformation of form, composition, or the internal structure of rock into the shape, arrangement, or other internal interlaboratory composition.

Condition-related disasters or Geological Process

Here we review the processes of natural disasters is the primary geological process. Geological processes can be identified as an endogenous process (which works inside the Earth) and exogenous processes (who worked on the surface of the Earth).Endogenous process consists of:

1. Tectonic motion - causing an earthquake. Mengebabkan earthquake fault occurrence in the earth's crust. Earthquake shocks could spark Avalanche or Landslide as happened in Padang Pariaman. The fault that occurred on the seabed could trigger a tsunami (the process occurred at sea or hydrosphere), as happened when the earthquake December 26, 2004 in the Indian Ocean. Meanwhile, the landslide that occurred in the deep ocean trenches can also generate tsunami.
2. Magmatic - raises volcano - causing volcanic eruptions that cause pyroclastic flows or when there is Lava Hot participating crater lake collapsed. Then, deposition of sand on the slopes of the volcano when exposed to heavy rain (atmospheric processes) can lead to Lava flow, either hot or cold lava lava. Examples like that happened Mount Merapi Yogyakarta

Sedimentary structures

Sedimentary structures is a very broad sense, including the appearance of normal bedding including bedding kofigurasi appearance and / or modification of the bedding also caused both during the deposition process lasted well after the precipitation stops. Therefore it is important to first explain what exactly is meant by the bedding (bedding), so that will further clarify the limits of sediment structure.


Actually there has been no satisfactory bedding Definitively all parties, although in fact very broad terms the bedding was used in the descriptions of the Late Neogene sediments. Definitively the most widely used are those proposed by Otto (1938), a single is a unit of sedimentary layers deposited on the physical conditions remain constant. In line with the bedding itself was interpreted as a depositional surface areas caused by a change in sedimentation regime from time to time. These changes include:


A. Physical changes:

1. changes in the grain, including shape, size, orientation, packing and composition.
2. changes in various rocks, such as the limestone and marl.
3. Color change, although still having the same composition.

B. Chemical changes. In liquid solution carrying sediment changes in temperature, pressure, and concentration of ions will cause the bedding as well.


C. Biological processes. Differences in populations of organisms from time to time, will cause the bedding. Although no remains of dead organisms as fossils (eg worms) but the trail is likely to be found.